Prepare stearic acid at home

Stearic acid is a usually a most common chemical, used in process industries , and it is quite expensive too. So it is not a difficult task for a a chemical engineer to prepare stearic acid locally at a very cheap cost.

• Just buy a natural soap bar ( try to get the most cheapest among all), this reaction will only work with the natural soap bar, so try to do the reaction on a little piece of soap initially.


• Dissolve the natural soap bar in hot water completely.


• Add food vinegar (but the food vinegar is needed in higher volume, so you can add any other acid , having PH less then 6).


• The stearic acid will precipitate as a layer of impurities on the surface of the mixture(scum). When the  scum settles down, then filter it, and drain the remaining liquor.

The best part of this reaction is that you will get the maximum quantity of stearic acid , i.e for every 100 gm of soap, you will get around 80 gm of stearic acid.

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Prepare stearic acid at home

Stearic acid is a usually a most common chemical, used in process industries , and it is quite expensive too. So a chemical engineer can try to prepare stearic acid at a very cheap cost. Just buy a natural soap bar ( try to get the most cheapest among all), this reaction will only work with the natural soap bar, so try to do the reaction on a little piece of soap initially. Dissolve the natural soap bar in hot water completely, and add food vinegar (but the food vinegar is needed in higher volume, so you can add any other acid , having PH less then 6). The stearic acid will precipitate as a layer of impurities on the surface of the mixture(scum). When the  scum settles down, then filter it, and drain the remaining liquor.
The best part of this reaction is that you will get the maximum quantity of stearic acid , i.e for every 100 gm of soap, you will get around 80 gm of stearic acid.

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a new safety course

I have just enrolled in the newer occupational safety course, starting from tomorrow for the five days, Its is a certified course named OHSAS 18001, which is definitely a beneficial course for a chemical engineer. So I am very much excited for that. Let's see what newer stuff of chemical engineering I am going to learn from there. I will definitely share my experience with you friends.

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a new safety course

I have just enrolled in the newer occupational safety course, starting from tomorrow for the five days, Its is a certified course named OHSAS 18001, which is definitely a beneficial course for a chemical engineer. So I am very much excited for that. Let's see what newer stuff of chemical engineering I am going to learn from there. I will definitely share my experience with you friends.

Read More

PUMPS....!!

There is one more important section of PUMPS for chemical engineer in almost all type of process industries. Pumps are the devices used to raise or  transfer the fluid by means of physical or mechanical action. Pumps are also used to control flow rate or pressure of the to the fluid.  They are the best devices to increase the fluid velocity, its mechanical energy, its pressure, or all of them. i.e. the pumps take the low pressure fluid , provides energy to the system for creating the difference in the pressure, and throw the fluid with high pressure. While the density of the liquid changes negligibly, so can be taken as the constant.

1) Types Of Pumps

Although there are few more classifications of the pumps, but there are two most general and basic classification of the pumps for a process engineer.

• Rotadynamic pumps
• Positive displacement pumps

These two basic categories have the several sub-categories too.

1.1) Rotadynamic Pumps

These type of pumps generally rotate at higher velocities, hence converting the kinetic energy of the system to the pressure energy. for the purpose, their structure is made up of bladed impellers, which rotate with in the fluid to create the tengential acceleration, hence increase in energy of the fluid.
The rotadynamic pumps are further divided into several categories :

• Air operated pumps
• chemical injection pumps
• Centrifugal pumps ( mostly used type of pumps in process industries

1.2) Positive Displacement Pumps

These type of pumps apply the pressure directly to the fluid, unlike the rotadynamic pumps, which generates the pressure energy in the fluid. The positive displacement pump causes a fluid to move by trapping some amount of the fluid and then by displacing that trapped amount of fluid into the discharge pipe. This trapping and releasing results in a direct increase in pressure. These type of pumps can be further classified as:

• rotary type pumps
• Lobe pumps
• The Wendelkolben pumps/ helical twisted root pumps

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PUMPS....!!

There is one more important section of PUMPS for chemical engineer in almost all type of process industries. Pumps are the devices used to raise or  transfer the fluid by means of physical or mechanical action. Pumps are also used to control flow rate or pressure of the to the fluid.  They are the best devices to increase the fluid velocity, its mechanical energy, its pressure, or all of them. i.e. the pumps take the low pressure fluid , provides energy to the system for creating the difference in the pressure, and throw the fluid with high pressure. While the density of the liquid changes negligibly, so can be taken as the constant.

1) Types Of Pumps

Although there are few more classifications of the pumps, but there are two most general and basic classification of the pumps for a process engineer.

• Rotadynamic pumps
• Positive displacement pumps

These two basic categories have the several sub-categories too.

1.1) Rotadynamic Pumps

These type of pumps generally rotate at higher velocities, hence converting the kinetic energy of the system to the pressure energy. for the purpose, their structure is made up of bladed impellers, which rotate with in the fluid to create the tengential acceleration, hence increase in energy of the fluid.
The rotadynamic pumps are further divided into several categories :

• Air operated pumps
• chemical injection pumps
• Centrifugal pumps ( mostly used type of pumps in process industries

1.2) Positive Displacement Pumps

These type of pumps apply the pressure directly to the fluid, unlike the rotadynamic pumps, which generates the pressure energy in the fluid. The positive displacement pump causes a fluid to move by trapping some amount of the fluid and then by displacing that trapped amount of fluid into the discharge pipe. This trapping and releasing results in a direct increase in pressure. These type of pumps can be further classified as:

• rotary type pumps
• Lobe pumps
• The Wendelkolben pumps/ helical twisted root pumps

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Generalized Equation Of State

It is very important for the process engineers to have command on all of the basic concepts of the process engineering.  The equation of state is the most basic equation for process engineers. This is used to describe various macroscopic properties (measurable) of the system. I.e. it correlates the volume, temperature, pressure and number of atoms, so, it is simply the relation between all of the thermodynamic properties of the matter, to describe the state of the matter at the given set of thermodynamic properties.

.

The equation of state is different for different matters, i.e. for gases , liquids and sometimes for semi-solids too. It is generally expressed as the functional equation, i.e,

.

                                                                                   f(P.T.V.n) = 0

Failure Of the Equation

.

The equation of state is not suitable in predicting the states of the matter at high pressure and low temperature, so is failed for the condition of a gas condensing into liquids. So, for the purpose, several modifications have been made into the equation of state. Such as :

.

·      Cubic Equation Of States

.

o   Van der waal’s equation of state

o   Redlich–Kwong equation of state

o   Soave modification of Redlich-Kwong

o   Peng–Robinson equation of state

o   Elliott, Suresh, Donohue equation of state

.

·         Non-Cubic Equation Of State

.

o   Virial equations of state

o   The BWR equation of state

.

·         Multiparameter equations of state

.

o   Helmholtz Function form

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Generalized Equation Of State

It is very important for the process engineers to have command on all of the basic concepts of the process engineering.  The equation of state is the most basic equation for process engineers.

The equation of state is used to describe the various macroscopic properties (measurable) of the system. i.e. it correlates the volume, temperature, pressure and number of atoms, so, it is simply the relation between all of the thermodynamic properties of the matter, to describe the state of the matter at the given set of thermodynamic properties. The equation of state is different for different matters, i.e. for gases , liquids and sometimes for semi-solids too. 

It is generally expressed as the functional equation, i.e,

                                                                                   f(P.T.V.n) = 0

Failure Of the Equation

The equation of state is not suitable in predicting the states of the matter at high pressure and low temperature, so is failed for the condition of a gas condensing into liquids. So, for the purpose, several modifications have been made into the equation of state.

Such as :

·         Cubic Equation Of States

o   Van der waal’s equation of state

o   Redlich–Kwong equation of state

o   Soave modification of Redlich-Kwong

o   Peng–Robinson equation of state

o   Elliott, Suresh, Donohue equation of state

·         Non-Cubic Equation Of State

o   Virial equations of state

o   The BWR equation of state

·         Multiparameter equations of state

o   Helmholtz Function form

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Valves... !!

[caption id="attachment_181" align="alignright" width="300" caption="Gas valve"][/caption]

Valves are all time favorite object for a process engineer. These are basic needs of any industry, whether it is a manufacturing industry or the finishing zone.

.

So What Are The Valves:

Valves the devices used to control the flow of fluids. I.e. they are used to speed up or speed down the flow (by increasing or decreasing pressure) or stop the flowing fluid (valves are in fully open or fully closed condition).

Common Types Of Valves Used In Process Industries:

Although there are so many types of valves, used in the process industries. But the most common classification of the valves is:

• Stop valves


• Check valves

STOP VALVES

Stop valves are actuating On/Off valves. So, these are suitable to stop the fluid, rather then controlling the flow of fluids. The further main classification of these Stop valves is:

• Globe valves


• Gate valves


• Ball valves


• Butterfly valves.

A process engineer has to deal with the globe valve and the check valve mainly. Rests of them are not much common in process industries at the present stage. However the needle valves and the plug valves are also considered as the stop valves.

CHECK VALVES

The check valves are also named as one-way valves. As they allow the fluid to flow in single direction only. The common applications of the check valves can be seen in the common house hold items, like the valves used in the taps. These are generally cheap, small and simple valves, and are available in number of different types. The most common types of check valves are:

• Back water valve


• Diaphragm check valve


• Swing check valve


• Stop Check Valve


• Swing Check Valve


• Ball check valve


• Duckbill valves

Image at the right side by John Kasawa

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Valves... !!

The valves are the all time favorite subject for a process engineer. May be the reason is that, they are the basic need of any industry, whether it is a manufacturing industry or the finishing zone.

So What Are The Valves:

The valves the devices used to control the flow of the fluids. i.e. they are used to speed up or speed down the flow ( by increasing or decreasing pressure) or stop the flowing fluid ( valves are in fully open or fully closed condition).

Common Types Of Valves Used In Process Industries:

Although there are so many types of valves, used in the process industries. But the most common classification of the valves are:

• Stop valves
• Check valves

STOP VALVES

The stop valves are actuate On/Off valves. So, these are suitable to stop the fluid, rather then controlling the flow of fluids.
The further main classification of these Stop valves are:

• Globe valves
• Gate valves
• Ball valves
• Butterfly valves.

A process engineer has to deal with the globe valve and the check valve mainly. Rest of them are not much common in process industries at the present stage. However the needle valves and the plug valves are also considered as the stop valves.

CHECK VALVES

The check valves are also named as one-way valves. As they allow the fluid to flow in single direction only. The common applications of the check valves can be seen in the common house hold items, like the valves used in the taps. These are generally cheap, small and simple valves, and are available in number of different types. The most common types of check valves are:

• Back water valve
• Diaphragm check valve
• Swing check valve
• Stop Check Valve
• Swing Check Valve
• Ball check valve
• Duckbill valves

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chemical engineer jobs

Chemical engineers can serve most of the industries. These industries include:

* Cement industries
* Iron/steel industries
* Chemical industries
* textile industries
* Waste disposal/ Waste water purification industries
* Leather/ Tanning industries
* Soaps/Detergents industries
* Food processing industries
* Paint industries

There are several other types of industries, where chemical engineers are in minority, but play fair role, like pharmaceutical industries, or in consultancy.

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chemical engineer jobs

Chemical engineers can serve most of the industries. These industries include:

* Cement industries
* Iron/steel industries
* Chemical industries
* textile industries
* Waste disposal/ Waste water purification industries
* Leather/ Tanning industries
* Soaps/Detergents industries
* Food processing industries
* Paint industries

There are several other types of industries, where chemical engineers are in minority, but play fair role, like pharmaceutical industries, or in consultancy.

Read More

why chemical engineers are different

Chemical engineering can be truly called as the core of industrial processes. These engineers are the most important technical persons of the industry, and are different from other engineers, because they understand the concepts of physics, chemistry , microbiology, mathematics, and know how to apply and use their knowledge for the sake of industrial benefits. The basic purpose of chemical engineers is to optimize the processes, techniques, and equipments, in order to minimize the losses,
so they deal with the economical factor of the industries too.

Read More

why chemical engineers are different

Chemical engineering can be truly called as the core of industrial processes. These engineers are the most important technical persons of the industry, and are different from other engineers, because they understand the concepts of physics, chemistry , microbiology, mathematics, and know how to apply and use their knowledge for the sake of industrial benefits. The basic purpose of chemical engineers is to optimize the processes, techniques, and equipments, in order to minimize the losses,
so they deal with the economical factor of the industries too.

Read More

welcome friends

Hi friends
I want to welcome all of my dear fellows to this little world of my passion, knowledge and interest. Hope that you people will spend a great and worthy time here. Thanks for stopping by my blog.

JIASHAHOOD

Read More

welcome friends

Hi friends
I want to welcome all of my dear fellows to this little world of my passion, knowledge and interest. Hope that you people will spend a great and worthy time here. Thanks for stopping by my blog.

JIASHAHOOD

Read More