chloro-floro-carbons

[caption id="attachment_178" align="alignright" width="268" caption="cfc ozone"][/caption]

Chloro-floro carbons are member of halo alkanes [or alkyl halides], which belongs to the group of chemical compound, derived from alkanes, containing one or more halogens. These are generally used as refrigerants, solvents, fire extinguishers, and as pharmaceuticals.

Many haloalkanes, including chlorofluorocarbons are considered as the serious pollutants and toxins to the environment. In actual, CFC's are the hydrocarbons, fully halogenated with chlorine and fluorine, and in the presence of sun light, the chloro-floro carbon molecule breaks into chlorine and chlorodifloromethyl radical. I.e.

.

CCl₂F₂              ----------->        Cl             +            CClF₂

    _{dichlorodifloromethane                 chlorine atom}        chlorodifloromethyl redical   

.

Now this chlorine atom will react with ozone layer, causing ozone depletion, by converting ozone molecule to oxygen.

Cl         +            O₃      ----------->        ClO           +            O₂

_{chlorine atom           ozone                   chlorine monoxide         oxygen}  

_.

This depleted ozone phenomena is a serious issue to environment as well as human health considerations, because less ozone means lesser production towards the highly hazardous ultraviolet sun rays. That’s why; a ban was imposed on the use of CFC’s. However, these gases are still found in refrigerators and in some types of foam packaging.

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chloro-floro-carbons

Chloro-floro carbons are member of halo alkanes ( or alkyl halides), which belongs to the group of chemical compounds , derived from alkanes, containing one or more halogens. these are generally used as refrigerants, solvents, fire extiguishants, and as pharmaceuticals.

Many haloalkanes, including chloro-floro carbons are considered as the serious pollutants and toxins to the environment. In actual, CFC's are the hydrocarbons, fully halogenated with chlorine and fluorine, and in the presence of sun light, the chloro-floro carbon molecule breaks into chlorine and chlorodifloromethyl redical. i.e.

                                     CCl₂F₂               ----------->        Cl             +            CClF₂

                                 _{dichlorodifloromethane                               chlorine atom}             chlorodifloromethyl redical   

 Now this chlorine atom will react with ozone layer, causing ozone depletion, by converting ozone molecule to oxygen.

                                    Cl         +            O₃       ----------->        ClO           +            O₂

                                       _{chlorine atom                 ozone                            chlorine monoxide                    oxygen}  

_{This depleted ozone phenomena is a serious issue to environment as well as human health considerations. because less ozone means lesser protection towards the highly hazardous ultraviolet sun rays. That's why, a ban was imposed on the use of CFC's . however,} these gases are still found in refrigerators and in some types of foam packaging.

Read More

coal, expected alternative fuel in future

Although, it is not a newer trend, to use coal as a fuel. There are many industries, which are using several technologies like gasification or the liquification of coal, to fulfill their fuel or energy needs. However, there are several environmental hazards in handling of coal , because of the high ash , or sulfur content of the coal.

The experts are trying to find the safe handling procedures for the safe use of this black gold. Recently, an Australian based team of researchers, including CSIRO and the university of new castle, has developed a way, to produce highly ash free coal, which can be used as a fuel for diesel engines.

for the purpose, the coal is slurried and micronized into fine sizes, less then 30 µm, to release the minerals from the coal, then by ultra fine flotation, the minerals are removed from the coal. The remaining coal slurry is called micronized refined coal (MRC).

After the study of the range of Australian coals, the team verified that for finely grounded coals, the flotation gives consistent low ash products with greater recovery of coal, then previous researches.

Read More

coal, expected alternative fuel in future

Although, it is not a newer trend, to use coal as a fuel. There are many industries, which are using several technologies like gasification or the liquification of coal, to fulfill their fuel or energy needs. However, there are several environmental hazards in handling of coal , because of the high ash , or sulfur content of the coal.

The experts are trying to find the safe handling procedures for the safe use of this black gold. Recently, an Australian based team of researchers, including CSIRO and the university of new castle, has developed a way, to produce highly ash free coal, which can be used as a fuel for diesel engines.

for the purpose, the coal is slurried and micronized into fine sizes, less then 30 µm, to release the minerals from the coal, then by ultra fine flotation, the minerals are removed from the coal. The remaining coal slurry is called micronized refined coal (MRC).

After the study of the range of Australian coals, the team verified that for finely grounded coals, the flotation gives consistent low ash products with greater recovery of coal, then previous researches.

Read More